Synonym(s)
viral exanthema; Virus exanthema
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Generalized rashes of different clinical symptoms and morphology induced directly (infectious exanthema) or indirectly (parainfectious exanthema) by viruses. The clinic of infectious viral exanthema is the expression of a defined pathogen (e.g. varicella, measles, etc.). The clinic of parainfectious viral exanthema (e.g. Gianotti-Crosti syndrome; unilateral laterothoracic exanthema; postherpetic erythema exsudativum multiforme) can be caused by different pathogens. The clinical manifestations are very different. They can generally be triggered by different pathogens. For example, in Gianotti-Crosti syndrome 13 different types of viruses are known.
PathogenThis section has been translated automatically.
The most common causative agents of viral exanthems are:
- Adenoviruses (rubeoliform exanthema).
- Coxsackie A viruses ( herpangina; hand-foot-and-mouth disease; generalized vesicular exanthema; AGEP)
- ECHO viruses (maculo-papular exanthema, erythema infectiosum-like exanthema)
- Epstein-Barr viruses ( infectious mononucleosis, unilateral laterothoracic syndrome?)
- Hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses (non-specific exanthema, Gianotti-Crosti syndrome; glove-sock syndrome)
- HHV-6 viruses ( exanthema subitum)
- HHV-7 viruses ( exanthema subitum, pityriasis rosea?)
- Herpes simplex viruses
- HIV/AIDS
- Measles viruses
- Mumps virus (maculo-papular exanthema)
- Parainfluenza viruses (non-specific exanthema; Gianotti-Crosti syndrome)
- Parvoviruses [parvovirus B19] ( erythema infectiosum = ringworm; glove-sock syndrome)
- Rubella
- Rotaviruses (maculo-papular exanthema)
- Corona viruses: urticarial, morbilliform, varicelliform exanthema, pseudofrost bumps in COVID-19 infections.
- RS viruses ( respiratory syncytial virus diseases; nonspecific exanthema).
- Varicella zoster ( varicella, zoster).
ClassificationThis section has been translated automatically.
This tabular listing includes only the most common viral exanthems and some generalized diseases that are important for differential diagnosis.
- DD neonatal period:
- Herpes simplex infections
- Varicella
- Rubella
- Cytomegalovirus infections
- DD: Erythema toxicum neonatorum (most common noninfectious exanthema of the newborn).
- DD Infancy and toddlerhood:
- Exanthema subitum (three-day fever)
- Gianotti-Crosti syndrome
- Hand-foot-and-mouth disease
- Unilateral laterothoracic syndrome
- Cytomegaly (especially in immunosuppression)
- Exanthema in hepatitis B and hepatitis C infection.
- DD Preschool and school age:
- Varicella
- Erythema infectiosum (ringworm)
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Herpangina
- Measles
- Rubella
- Glove Sock Syndrome
- Postherpetic erythema exsudativum multiforme
- Cytomegaly (especially in immunosuppression).
- DD: Exanthema associated with bacterial infections:
- Scarlet fever.
- DD: Generalized skin disease with multiple efflorescences:
General therapyThis section has been translated automatically.
Therapy is usually symptomatic and, if necessary, with antivirals.
Recommended articles
Incoming links (19)
COVID-19 and skin; Encephalitis, japanese encephalitis; Encephalitis, murray's valley encephalitis; Equine encephalitis, east american; Equine encephalitis, venezuelan; Equine encephalitis, west american; Hiv infection; Ilheus fever; Kemerovo fever; Lassa fever; ... Show allOutgoing links (30)
Acute hepatitis; Aids; Asymmetric periflexural exanthema of childhood ; Classification of viruses; Contagious mollusc; Coronaviridae; Covid-19; Cytomegalovirus; Erythema infectiosum; Erythema multiforme; ... Show allDisclaimer
Please ask your physician for a reliable diagnosis. This website is only meant as a reference.
Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer
