Synonym(s)
HistoryThis section has been translated automatically.
Ciuffo, 1907 (description of the viral genesis)
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Worldwide spread, common infectious disease caused by human papillomaviruses (for classification see also Warts/Overview) with formation of mainly acrally localized, regressible, hemispherical or flat, hyperkeratotic roughened papules and/or nodules on the skin and mucous membrane.
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PathogenThis section has been translated automatically.
Human papillomaviruses (DNA virus); most frequently HPV1, 2, 4, 27, 57 - less frequently HPV7 (butchers/fish sellers).
In pediatric populations, the subtypes HPV 2, HPV 27, HPV 57 and HPV 63 are particularly common (Bristow I 2023).
ClassificationThis section has been translated automatically.
The following types can be distinguished:
- Vulgar warts (prickly warts)
- Butcher's warts (butcher's warts)
- plantar warts (verrucae plantares, plantar warts)
- Mosaic warts (beet-like formations)
- Plantar warts (prickly warts, endophytic growing plantar warts)
Occurrence/EpidemiologyThis section has been translated automatically.
The most common form of wart caused by the virus. Transmission from person to person or by autoinoculation. Incubation period of up to 20 months. The risk is increased if other family members have also suffered from warts ( odds ratio 1.9).
Verrucae vulgares/plantares occur mainly in children and adolescent adults. In children, most papillomas heal spontaneously within months of the initial infection, regardless of treatment. Infection is most common in the second decade of life and affects over 40% of children (Bristow I 2023).
ManifestationThis section has been translated automatically.
Occurs mainly in children, adolescents and young adults (peak incidence in the 16-20 age group; common in acrocyanosis. Predisposing factors are hyperhidrosis, immunosuppression or atopic diathesis (children with atopic dermatitis appear to be more susceptible to viral inoculation). A typical phenomenon in children is autoinoculation.
LocalizationThis section has been translated automatically.
Mainly localized on the hands and feet (poor circulation), see Verruca plantaris, see also Verruca perionychialis. In terms of overall prevalence, viral warts occur more frequently on the feet than on the hands. Infestation of the entire integument is possible in immunosuppressed patients. On the head, vulgar warts often manifest themselves in the form of verrucae digitatae, on the capillitium with filiform or finger-shaped extensions.
Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.
Solitary but also to beds aggregated, hemispherical, 0.2-0.8 cm large, coarse, mostly skin-coloured or grey-yellowish papules, nodules or plaques with a verrucous, fissured surface. Development of daughter warts in the surrounding area by autoinoculation is possible. The clinical morphology is significantly influenced by the location of the warts, e.g. warts around the nose often appear as pedunculated or thread-like lesions. Warts located periungual (and subungual) often lead to onychodystrophies. They can lead to extensive tumorous vegetation. Such formations are therapeutically particularly problematic.
HistologyThis section has been translated automatically.
Differential diagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.
TherapyThis section has been translated automatically.
See below Warts (viral warts).
Progression/forecastThis section has been translated automatically.
Healing without scarring after weeks to years. Spontaneous healing is reported between 25% and 60% of cases, depending on the location and duration of the disease. Caution. Scarring due to surgical therapy is possible.
Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.
In butchers' warts, HPV-7 can often be detected in warts, a virus that occurs very rarely in the rest of the population. HPV-7 belongs to the alpha papilloma viruses and has been isolated from the oral mucosa of HIV-infected persons, from condylomas of immunocompromised persons and in China from warts between the toes.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Betlloch I et al. (2002) Verruca vulgaris surrounding a total graft following a burn in a child. Pediatr Dermatol19:369-370
- Bristow I (2023) Paediatric Cutaneous Warts and Verrucae: An Update. Int J Environ Res Public Health 19:16400.
- Ciuffo G (1907) Imnesto positiv con filtrado di verrucae volgare. Giorn Ital Mal Venereol 48: 12-17
- Iraji F et al. (2002) Histopathology of skin lesions with warty appearance in renal allograft recipients. Am J Dermatopathol 24:324-325
- Khanna N, Joshi A (2004) Extensive verruca vulgaris at unusual sites in an immunocompetent adult. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 18:102-103
- Muzio G et al. (2002) Treatment of non-genital warts with topical imiquimod 5% cream. Eur J Dermatol 12:347-349
- Penso-Assathiany D et al. (1999) Warts, swimming pools and atopy: a case control study conducted in a private dermatology practice. Ann Dermatol Venereol 126:696-698
- Rübben A (2011) Clinical algorithm for the treatment of cutaneous, extragenital HPV-induced warts. Dermatologist 62: 6-16
Incoming links (43)
Acanthoma; Acanthopapilloma; Acetic acid; Acrocyanosis; Arsenic keratoses; Butcher warts; Clavus; Contagious mollusc; Cornu cutaneum; Diphenylcyclopropenone (dpcp); ... Show allOutgoing links (23)
Acrocyanosis; Actinic keratosis; Arsenic keratoses; Atopic dermatitis (overview); Butcher warts; Hypertrophic Lichen planus; Keratoakanthoma (overview); Keratoma dissipatum naeviforme palmare et plantar; Keratosis seborrhoeic (overview); Koilocyte; ... Show allDisclaimer
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