Powder

Synonym(s)

Powder adspergendi; Zinc oxide-talcum powder 50% white or skin coloured (NRF 11.60.)

Definition
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Undivided powders intended for external use only (see table). Pure active ingredient powders or mixtures with two or more excipients (e.g. talcum, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide, white clay) and, if necessary, approved colouring agents (iron oxide, red clay) are produced. They should be as fine as possible, sterilizable (application on open wounds or irritated skin), completely non-irritating, chemically indifferent and indecomposable, have good adhesive and scattering properties as well as absorbency against liquids (water and oil).

Pharmacodynamics (Effect)
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Depending on composition cooling, drying, adsorbing, astringent:

Cooling effect: Starches, Zn or Al stearate.
Absorption: Aerosil, white clay, starches, microcrystalline cellulose.
Absorption without swelling: ANM, NAC and Nalcip.
Lubricity: Talc, Zn, Mg or Al stearate.
Adhesion: Talc, aerosil, starches, greases, Al hydroxide.
Spreadability: Aerosil and talc.
Hiding power: titanium dioxide, zinc oxide and Ca-carbonate.
Active substance absorption: lactose.

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Dermatology

Psoriasis vulgaris

Psoriasis vulgaris" usually refers to the plaque or nummular type of psoriasis.

Indication
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Dermatoses in intertriginous areas as well as in epithelial losses.

Contraindication
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Weeping dermatoses (clumping and congestion of secretions and resulting secondary infections). Talcum powder on open wounds (silicate granulomas).

Recipe(s)
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Zinc oxide-talcum powder 50% white or skin-coloured NRF 11.60.(R294)

Tables
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Powder bases and their use in exteriors

Powder base	Use
Aluminium stearate	Adstringens
Iron oxides	Colour pigment for concealer powders, shaking mixtures and pastes
Lactose	Resorption improver
Magnesium carbonate	Absorption of secretions
Magnesium oxide	Absorption of secretions
Magnesium stearate	Adstringens
Maize starch	Improvement of adhesion and throwing power
Corn starch, phosphated	Improvement of adhesion and throwing power
Silicon dioxide, highly dispersed	Absorption of secretions, improvement of spreading ability
Talcum powder	Improvement of adhesion and throwing power
Titanium dioxide	Cover, light protection
clay, white	Absorption of secretions
Wheat starch	Adstringens
Zinc oxide	Coverage, improvement of throwing power
Zinc stearate	Adstringens