Bronchitis acute J20.9

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

Last updated on: 29.10.2020

Synonym(s)

Acute bronchitis

Definition
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Acute inflammation of the trachea or the entire tracheobronchial tree. Basically, depending on the level and type of inflammation, one can distinguish between:

catharrhal, hemorrhagic, fibrinous, pseudomembranous, ulcerative or necrotizing

Tracheitis
Tracheobronchitis
Bronchitis
Bronchiolitis

Occurrence/Epidemiology
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Children, elderly people and immunocompromised patient groups

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Etiopathogenesis
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Chronic damage to the tracheobronchial tree due to harmful environmental factors such as industrial gases, car exhaust fumes, dusts favour infections such as:

Viral infections (90%): Adeno-, Parainfluenza viruses, Rhino-, ECHO-, Coxsackie-viruses. Influenza viruses are also present: haemorrhagic tracheitis, "real flu".
Bacterial infections: haemophilus influenzae, pneumococci, Staph. aureus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Fungal infections: Candida albicans and other yeast species. Especially in immunocompetent patients.

Clinical features
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Dry cough, partly retrosternal pain, later rhinitis, pharyngitis, slight fever. In case of bronchioles: detection of dyspnoea, gills.

Progression/forecast
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If the course is uncomplicated, therapy is not absolutely necessary. In the case of severe cough irritation, antitussives, possibly analgesics/antipyretics (acetylsalicylic acid, paracetamol).

In case of feverish course with purulent sputum: antibacterial therapy.

Duration of acute viral bronchitis: in uncomplicated cases 7 days with spontaneous healing. In case of bacterial superinfection: 2-3 weeks.

Naturopathy
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The naturopathic therapeutics can essentially be divided into 3 main groups:

Essential oil-containing drugs(Anisi fructus = aniseed fruits, Foeniculi fructus = fennel fruits, Thymi herba = thyme herb) with bronchospasmolytic and expectorant effect

Aetheric drug	Indication
Aniseed fruits (Anisi fructus)	Banal infection, cough, bronchitis
Camphor (Camphora	Banal infection, cough, bronchitis
Cineol	Banal infection, cough, bronchitis
Eucalyptus leaves (Eucalypti folium)	Cough, bronchitis
Eucaplyptus oil (Eucalyptiaetheroleum)	Banal infection, cough, bronchitis
Fennel fruits (Foeniculi fructus)	Cough, bronchitis
Fennel oil (Foeniculi aetheroleum)	Cough, bronchitis
Spruce needle oil (Piceae aetheroleum)	Banal infection, cough, bronchitis
Spruce tips, fresh (Piceae turiones recentes)	Cough, bronchitis
Grindelia herb (Grindeliae herba)	Cough, bronchitis
Camomile flowers (Matricariae flos)	Sinusitis
Pine needle oil (Pini aetheroleum)	Banal infection, cough, bronchitis
Pine shoots (Pinituriones)	Cough, bronchitis
Larch turpentine (Terebinthina laricina)	common infection
Mint oil (Mentha arvensis aetheroleum)	Banal infection, cough, bronchitis
Myrtol	Banal infection, cough, bronchitis
Niauli oil (Niaouli aetheroleum)	Cough, bronchitis
Peppermint oil	Banal infection, cough, bronchitis
Quendelkraut (Serpylli herba)	Cough, bronchitis
Sage leaves (Salviae folium)	pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis
Turpentine oil, purified	Cough, bronchitis
Thyme herb (Thymi herba)	Cough, bronchitis
Cajeput oil (Meluca species)	Cough, bronchitis
Citronella oil	Cough, bronchitis

Saponindrogen (Hederae folium = ivy leaves, Primulae radix/Primulae flos = primrose root/flowers) with antiphlogistic, secretion-motor and bacteriostatic effect

Medication drug	Indication
Ivy leaves (Hederaehelictis folium)	Cough, bronchitis
Primrose root (Primulae radix/floss)	Cough, bronchitis
Sanicula herb (Saniculae herba)	Cough, bronchitis
Primula blossoms (Primulae flos)	Cough, bronchitis
Soap root, red (Saponariae rubrae radix)	Cough, bronchitis
Soap root, white (Gypsophilae radix)	Cough, bronchitis
Senegal root (Polygalae radix)	Cough, bronchitis
Liquorice root (Liquiritae radix)	Cough, bronchitis

Mucus drugs (marshmallow root, mallow leaves/flowers, ribwort herb) with antiphlogistic, mucous membrane protective and soothing effect

Mucus drug	Indication
Marshmallow root/leaves (Althaeaeradix / folium)	Cough, bronchitis
Coltsfoot leaves (Farfarae folium)	Cough, bronchitis
Icelandic moss (Lichen islandicus)	pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis , cough, bronchitis
Mallow leaves/flowers (Malvae folium/floss)	Cough, bronchitis
Ribwort herb (Plantaginis lanceolatae herba)	pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, cough, bronchitis
Wool flowers (Verbasci flos)	Cough, bronchitis