Woodruff

Authors: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer, Prof. Dr. med. Martina Bacharach-Buhles

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Last updated on: 07.03.2025

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Synonym(s)

fragrant bedstraw; Galium odoratum; Herba Asperulae; Mayflower; Mayweed; spotted bedstraw; Walstro

Definition
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Woodruff is a plant from the Rubiaceae family that is native to Europe, Siberia and North Africa. Woodruff is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows to a height of between 10 and 50 cm. It grows in sparse deciduous forests and exudes a delicate, peculiar scent of fresh hay. This is caused by meliolotoside, which is produced by hydrolysis during wilting. Woodruff blooms from mid-April to the beginning of May with delicate small white flowers.

Woodruff is the parent plant of Herba Asperulae (odoratae), the woodruff herb.

General information
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The leaves of woodruff contain coumarin (characteristic smell of woodruff), which is formed from the glucoside meliolotoside (this process only takes place through hydrolysis during wilting). Tannins(caffeic and gallic acid), bitter substances, asperuloside (iridoid glycoside).

The leaves of woodruff are often used for punch, jelly and other desserts.

The extract is used in folk medicine for bile and stone diseases (dubious effect).

Note(s)
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Woodruff belongs to the genus of bedstraw, which is very species-rich with around 650 species. In addition to woodruff, the common bedstraw (Galium aparine), the meadow bedstraw (Galium mollugo) and the true bedstraw (Galium verum) are also used in folk medicine.