Peppermint oil

Authors: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer, Prof. Dr. med. Martina Bacharach-Buhles

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Last updated on: 08.02.2022

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Synonym(s)

menthae piperitae aetheroleum; mentha piperitae oleum

Definition
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Peppermint oil belongs to the group of phytopharmaceuticals in the naturopathic group and is mainly used for neurological disorders, such as tension headaches. It is obtained from freshly harvested flowering twig tips.
see under: Menthae piperitae aetheroleum

Pharmacodynamics (Effect)
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Sensitization and stimulation of cold and pressure receptors, inducing a feeling of cold, alteration of the cell membrane with a reduced Ca++ discharge and relaxation of the voltage-dependent Ca++ channel, depolarization of cold receptors(see also menthol) with increased electrical activity, blocking of C-fibers that conduct pain stimuli from nociceptors via the substantia gellantinosa to the brain, inhibition of serotonin-, substance P-induced muscle contractions

Spectrum of action
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Ingredients: Fresh plant extracts with ethanol of ash bark (in a ratio of 4.5:1), trembling poplar bark/leaves (in a ratio of 4.5:1), goldenrod herb (4.8:1). The main constituent of pure peppermint oil is free menthol along with smaller amounts of isomers. For the odor quality of peppermint oil are the esters of menthol, menthyl acetate and menthyl isovalerinate.

Indication
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Externally mild and moderate tension headache, also suitable for pruritus

Dosage and method of use
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Semi-solid or oily preparations containing 5 to 20% peppermint essential oil, or a 10% ethanolic solution Apply regularly every five minutes to forehead and temples. If no effect occurs within two hours, discontinue use.

Undesirable effects
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Patients with hypersensitive skin may experience redness or burning of the skin. In this case, wash off the oil used with cold water. In rare cases an allergic reaction may occur.

Contraindication
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Hypersensitivity or allergy; do not use on infants and young children, asthmatic conditions

Recipe(s)
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The combination senna leaves, peppermint oil and caraway oil consists of:

has a lanxiering and antispasmodic effect and is used for constipation.

Preparations
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Euminz®

Literature
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  1. Loew D (2012) in Beer A M et al [Ed.] Leitfaden Naturheilverfahren für die ärztliche Praxis, Urban und Fischer Verlag S 187f.