Clovetree
Synonym(s)
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
The clove tree is a 10-20 m tall tree species belonging to the myrtle family (Myrtaceae) with evergreen, 10-15 cm long, oval leaves and yellowish-white, aromatic-smelling flowers. Syzygium aromaticum is native to the Philippines and the Moluccas and is also found in Madagascar.
The clove tree is the parent plant of Caryophilli flos, the officinal cloves from dried flower buds. The flower buds contain an essential oil containing the substance eugenol . The oil (clove oil) also contains small amounts of the substances acetyleugenol and ß-caryophyllene.
According to Ph.Eur.8,Caryophylli flores aetheroleum, the officinal clove oil, is the essential oil of the flower buds, flower stems and leaves. According to ÖAB the essential oil of the flower buds.
General informationThis section has been translated automatically.
Clove trees are cultivated in the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Madagascar, Zanzibar, Seychelles, various countries of the world. Seychelles, various areas on the East African coast.
The clove oil and the clove itself are used. In the case of clove oil, a distinction is made between the oils of the various parts of the plant.
The clove is used for cooking and baking and in the food industry as a flavouring and aromatic substance. Vanillin and isoeugenol and other eugenol derivatives are synthesized from eugenol .
Complication(s)This section has been translated automatically.
Eugenol and Isoeugenol play an important role as allergens. Sensitizing potency: Medium. Frequency of sensitization: Occasional. Sensitization ( contact allergy; urticaria) is mainly found on dental material by dental staff. Cross-reactivity exists to Peru Balsam. Clove oil also seems to have an antimycotic and antibacterial effect. Even today it is still a standard agent for tooth root fillings.
The DKG has so far tested clove oil 2% in Vaseline. This application form is no longer available as a test substance in Germany. Therefore, the test substance Eugenol 1% in Vaseline is now (as of 2016) recommended. Clove oil consists of 90% eugenol, which is also contained in the fragrance mix.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Adefegha SA et al (2014) Antihyperglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective and antioxidant effects of dietary clove (Szygium aromaticum) bud powder in a high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetes rat model. J Sci Food Agric 94: 2726-2737
- Dibazar SP et al (2014) Immunomodulatory effects of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) constituents on macrophages: in vitro evaluations of aqueous and ethanolic components. J Immunotoxicol 12: 124-131
- Geier J et al (2016) News on the epicutaneous test series of the German Contact Allergy Group. Dermatology at work and in the environment 64: 70-75
- Hausen BM, Vieluf K (1997) Allergy plants, plant allergens. Ecomed Publishing House Landsberg/Munich 224-226
- Lee JI et al (2001) Purification and characterization of antithrombotics from Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & PERRY. Biol Pharm Bull 24: 181-187
- Mansourian A et al (2014) The comparative study of antifungal activity of Syzygium aromaticum, Punica granatum and nystatin on Candida albicans; an in vitro study. J Mycol Med 24: e163-168
- Ranasinghe L (2002) Fungicidal activity of essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (L.) and Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr et L.M. Perry against crown rot and anthracnose pathogens isolated from banana. Lett Appl Microbiol 35: 208-211
- Sultana B et al (2015) In vitro antimutagenic, antioxidant activities and total phenolics of clove (Syzygium aromaticum L. seed extracts. Pak J Pharm Sci 27:893-899