O'nyong-nyong - Altmeyers Encyclopedia - Department Internal medicine

Synonym(s)

Joint Crusher Virus Infection; ONN virus infection; O'nyong-nyong fever

Definition
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Infectious disease transmitted by mosquitoes with the O'nyong-nyong virus (endemic arbovirosis).

Pathogen
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O'nyong-nyong virus, genus Alphavirus, family Togaviridae, belongs to the Semliki Forest complex.
Counted among the arboviroses. Transmission by Anopheles mosquitoes; in the sylvatic cycle (virus was found in sloths), Aedes and Culex mosquitoes.

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Occurrence/Epidemiology
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Endemo-epidemic, currently only sporadically occurring.
Hereditary description in Uganda 1959-1962 during a major epidemic that affected about 2 million people, subsequently spreading to Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia and even to the whole of Equatorial and East Africa.

Clinical features
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Incubation period 4-8 days. Symptoms are chills, fever (not regular) headache and severe symmetrical joint pain of the large joints. On day 4 maculopapular exanthema (spreading from the neck to the trunk) ( viral exanthema), lymphadenopathy. Only slow regeneration and recovery. There is long lasting immunity.