Synonym(s)
DDC; Dideoxycytidine
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Half-lifeThis section has been translated automatically.
2 h
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Pharmacodynamics (Effect)This section has been translated automatically.
Nucleoside analogue, competitive inhibition of the reverse transcriptase of the HI virus.
IndicationThis section has been translated automatically.
Combination therapy of HIV infection.
Limited indicationThis section has been translated automatically.
Restricted kidney function, pancreatitis or a history of elevated amylase levels.
Dosage and method of useThis section has been translated automatically.
- 3 times/day 0.75 mg p.o.
- creatinine clearance: 40-10 ml/min 0.75 mg twice a day.
- Creatinine clearance: < 10 ml/min: once/day 0.75 mg.
- Children: 3 times/day 0.015-0.03 mg/kg bw or 3 times/day 0.45-0.9 mg/m2 KO.
Undesirable effectsThis section has been translated automatically.
Polyneuropathy, stomatitis, fever, nausea, allergic reactions, myelosuppression, pancreatitis.
Notice!
Stop taking Zalcitabine if polyneuropathic symptoms persist bilaterally for more than 2 days or if an earlier Achilles tendon reflex is no longer present or if symptoms suggest pancreatitis. Determination of serum amylase before starting therapy!InteractionsThis section has been translated automatically.
See Table 1.
Note! Do not use concomitant drugs that may cause peripheral neuropathy, such as DADPS, isoniazid, phenytoin and vincristine.
ContraindicationThis section has been translated automatically.
Prenatal polyneuropathy.
PreparationsThis section has been translated automatically.
Hivid
PatientinformationThis section has been translated automatically.
Patients must be informed about symptoms of a possible peripheral neuropathy and pancreatitis before starting therapy!
TablesThis section has been translated automatically.
Significant interactions of calcitabine
Aminoglycosides |
Zalcitabine toxicity ↑ |
amphotericin B |
Zalcitabine toxicity ↑ |
Chloramphenicol |
Risk of peripheral neuropathy ↑ |
Dapson |
Risk of peripheral neuropathy ↑ |
Didanosine |
CNS toxicity, avoid combination |
Disulfiram |
Risk of peripheral neuropathy ↑ |
Foscarnet |
Zalcitabine toxicity ↑ |
Isoniazid |
Risk of peripheral neuropathy ↑ |
Metronidazole |
Risk of peripheral neuropathy ↑ |
Nitrofurantoin |
Risk of peripheral neuropathy ↑ |
Pentamidine i.v. |
Pancreatitis risk ↑ Avoid combination |
Phenytoin |
Risk of peripheral neuropathy ↑ |
Ribavirin |
Risk of peripheral neuropathy ↑ |
Vincrist |
Risk of peripheral neuropathy ↑ |
Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer