DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
In February 2009, due to serious side effects of discontinued (!) selective, humanized IgG1 antibodies with binding sites for the CD 11α chain of LFA1 (Leucocyte Function Associated Antigen 1; see integrins below) on the surface of T cells. This prevents the binding of T cells to ICAM1 (see below adhesion molecules) on endothelial surfaces. The T-cells can no longer enter the tissue, dermis and epidermis. Additive prevents the release of proinflammatory cytokines.
Notice!
The EMA has recommended the suspension of the approval of Efalizumab (status 2009).Undesirable effectsThis section has been translated automatically.
- In several patients a progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML = rare progressive demyelinating disease caused by activation of the polyomavirus JC which is present in latent form in 80% of the healthy adults) was diagnosed under long-term therapy (> 3 years) with Efalizumab. Because of this side effect the preparation was taken off the market!
- Other side effects include Guillain-Barreé syndrome, Miller-Fisher syndrome, encephalitis, meningitis and opportunistic infections.
PreparationsThis section has been translated automatically.
Raptiva (taken off the market because of the serious side effects!)
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Kolde G et al. (2007) Successful treatment of the alopecia areata with Efalizumab. JDDG 9: 834
- Farewell M et al (2003) A novel target T-cell modulator, Efalizumab, for plaque psoriasis. N Engl J Med 349: 2004-2013
- Merckserono (2009) Important announcement. Drug safety. germany @merckserono.net February 2009
- Tutrone WD et al (2001) Biologic therapy for psoriasis: a brief history, II Cutis 68: 367-372
- Weinberg JM et al (2002) Biologic therapy for psoriasis--the first wave: infliximab, etanercept, efalizumab, and alefacept. J Drugs Dermatol 1: 303-310
- Weinberg JM, Tutrone WD (2003) Biologic therapy for psoriasis: the T-cell-targeted therapies efalizumab and alefacept. Cutis 71: 41-45
Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer