DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Chemotherapeutic agent, antiprotozoal.
Half-lifeThis section has been translated automatically.
Four days.
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Pharmacodynamics (Effect)This section has been translated automatically.
Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase, inhibition of RNA and protein synthesis.
Spectrum of actionThis section has been translated automatically.
Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (except cerebral stage), Pneumocystis carinii.
IndicationThis section has been translated automatically.
Prophylaxis of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in HIV patients with < 200 CD4 cells/μl, African tryposomiasis, leishmaniasis .
Dosage and method of useThis section has been translated automatically.
- Visceral leishmaniasis that does not respond to antimony compounds: 4 mg/kg bw/day for 2 weeks or 4 mg/kg bw 3 times/week (until parasites are no longer detected in 2 spleen biopsies 2 weeks apart).
- Cutaneous leishmaniasis (L. aethiopica, L. guyanensis): 3-4 mg/kg bw 1-2 times/week until the ulcers have healed
- Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (L. brasiliensis, L. aethiopica): 4 mg/kg bw 3 times/week until the ulcers have healed, possibly for several months.
- Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (L. aethiopica): 3-4 mg/kg bw/day for months, at least another 4 months until the smears have become negative.
- Trypanosoma brucei spp.: 5 mg/kg bw/day for the 2nd day, 10 cycles in total.
- Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia:
- Prophylaxis: 200 mg/day for 4 days by inhalation, then 300 mg every 28 days.
- Therapy: 4 mg/kg bw/day i.v. (over 60 min.) for 14 days, then 300-600 mg/day.
Undesirable effectsThis section has been translated automatically.
hypotension, hypertension, vomiting, kidney failure, hypo- and hyperglycaemia, pancreatic necrosis, BB changes, liver damage, shock, rarely Herxheimer's reaction, allergic reactions, contact eczema, erythroderma
InteractionsThis section has been translated automatically.
See Table 2.
ContraindicationThis section has been translated automatically.
Pregnancy, kidney dysfunction.
PreparationsThis section has been translated automatically.
Pentacarinate
TablesThis section has been translated automatically.
Essential interactions of pentamidine diisethionate
amphotericin B |
Nephrotoxicity ↑ |
Erythromycin |
Cardiac arrhythmia |
Foscarnet |
Hypocalcemia, nephrotoxicity ↑ |
Ganciclovir |
Haematotoxicity ↑ |
Zalcitabine |
Pancreatitis ↑ |
Zidovudine |
Haematotoxicity ↑ |
Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer
Prof. Dr. med. Martina Bacharach-Buhles