Mate folium

Authors: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer, Prof. Dr. med. Martina Bacharach-Buhles

Last updated on: 28.11.2024

Synonym(s)

Ilex paraguariensis; Jesuit Tea; Mate leaves; Mate tea; Mate Tea; Mission Tea; Yerba; yerba mate

Definition
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Mate folium are the dried or roasted leaves of the mate tea bush used medicinally.

A distinction is made between green mate leaves, the quality of which is specified in the German Pharmacopoeia Codex (DAC), and roasted mate leaves, the quality of which is specified in the European Pharmacopoeia.

HMPC monograph: Traditional-use: Tiredness and weakness, also to increase the amount of urine

ESCOP monograph: fatigue, physical weakness, increase in urine volume

Commission E. Monograph: mental fatigue, physical exhaustion

Ingredients
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Active ingredients are methylxanthines (caffeine: at least 0.4% according to DAC; theobromine and small amounts of theophylline), 4-14% caffeoylquinic acids, catechine tannins, flavonoids and triterpenes, phenolic carboxylic acids: chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid.

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Effects
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Diuretic, analeptic, positive inotropic, appetite suppressant.

Field of application/use
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According to the indications of Commission E: mental and physical fatigue

Dosage
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Average daily dose 3g drug

Undesirable effects
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The accumulation of oral carcinomas in mate tea drinkers requires further epidemiological studies.

Trade names
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Oasis organic herbal tea Mate Green; Bad Heilbrunner Mate Tea Green

Note(s)
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The plant got the name "Mate" from the special drinking vessel from which the mate tea is traditionally drunk. This vessel is also called calabash.

The caffeine content per cup is roughly comparable to coffee or black tea.

Crushed drug for infusions (tea preparations with hot non-boiling water); the tea can be sweetened (sugar), also with milk or lemon juice. The powder of the drug can be used in various forms. The drug powder can be taken in different preparations.

Maté tea is often contaminated with harmful substances(anthraquinones and various pesticides).

Literature
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Bracesco N et al. (2011) Recent advances on Ilex paraguariensis research: minireview. J Ethnopharmacol 136: 378-384
Dasanayake AP et al. (2010) Maté drinking and oral andoro-pharyngeal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oral Oncol 46:82-86.
Gambero A et al. (2015) The positive effects of yerba maté (Ilex paraguariensis) in obesity. Nutrients 7: 730-750 J Ethnopharmacol 136: 378-384
Heck CI et al. (2007) Yerba Mate Tea (Ilex paraguariensis): a comprehensivereview on chemistry, health implications, and technological considerations. J Food Sci 72:R138-R151.
https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/herbal-monograph/final-community-herbal-monograph-ilex-paraguariensis-st-hil-folium_en.pdf