SRC

c-Src was discovered in the 1970s as the cellular homologue of the Rous sarcoma virus oncogene v-Src . c-Src was also the first representative of the tyrosine kinases to be identified. C-Src is also the prototype of the Src family of kinases , which also includes Lyn, Fyn, Lck, Hck, Fgr, Blk, Yrk and c-Yes.

SRC, formerly known as C-SRC, is the acronym for "cellular and sarcoma", a tyrosine-protein kinase associated with the cell membrane and encoded by the gene of the same name(SRC gene) on chromosome 20 gene locus q12-q13. SRC is a protooncogene and is considered the best-studied protooncogene ever.

SRC consists of 4 so-called SRC homology domains (SH1-4).

The SH1 domain carries both the tyrosine groups essential for autophosphorylation and thus for the function of SRC and the kinase function.

The SH2 and SH3 domains contain binding sites for a phosphotyrosine residue contained in the C-terminus of c-Src and a polyproline structure located near the SH1 domain, respectively.

SH2 and SH3, together with the C-terminus, are responsible for the regulation of SRC.

The SH4 domain contains myristoylation sites and is thus responsible for anchoring in the cell membrane.

1. Abe H et al (2013) Src plays a key role in ADAM28 expression in v-src-transformed epithelial cells and human carcinoma cells. Am J Pathol 183:1667-1678.
2. Irby RBet al (1999) Activating SRC mutation in a subset of advanced human colon cancers. Nat Genet 21:187-190.
3. Shimada Yet al. (2019) BRAF V600E and SRC mutations as molecular markers for predicting prognosis and conversion surgery in Stage IV colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 9: 2466.