Rilonacept

Rilonacept is a dimeric fusion protein consisting of the ligand-binding domains of the extracellular portions of the human interleukin-1 receptor component (IL-1R1) and the IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAcP) linked to the fragment crystallizable portion (Fc region) of human IgG1, which binds and neutralizes IL-1.

The most common side effects of Rilonacept Regeneron (seen in more than 1 in 10 patients) are injection site reactions, upper respiratory tract infections (colds), sinusitis (inflammation of the sinuses) and headache. DRilonacept (Regeneron) must not be administered to people who may be hypersensitive (allergic) to rilonacept or any of the other ingredients. Interleukin-1 blockade may impair the body's immune response to infection. Serious infections have been reported in patients taking Rilonacept Regeneron.

Rilonacept has been designated an orphan drug by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is used to treat cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), including familial autoinflammatory cold syndrome and muckle-well syndrome.[3][6] Rilonacept is the first FDA-approved drug for the treatment of recurrent pericarditis. Rilonacept was approved for medical use in the United States in February 2008. On May 8, 2012, an FDA advisory panel voted 11-0 against the approval of rilonacept for the treatment of gout because the benefits did not outweigh the risks associated with the drug.

On October 23, 2009, the European Commission granted Regeneron UK Limited an EU-wide marketing authorization for Arcalyst. The name of the medicine was changed to Rilonacept Regeneron on July 23, 2010. The marketing authorization is valid for five years and can be renewed thereafter.

1. Affas ZR et al. (2022) Rilonacept and Anakinra in Recurrent Pericarditis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 14:e31226.
2. Terkeltaub R et al. (2009) The interleukin 1 inhibitor rilonacept in treatment of chronic gouty arthritis: results of a placebo-controlled, monosequence crossover, non-randomized, single-blind pilot study. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 68: 1613-1617.
3. Molecule of the month (2008). Rilonacept. Drug News & Perspectives 21: 232.
4. Medical News (2012) FDA Panel Nixes Gout Drug - in Rheumatology, General Rheumatology from MedPage Today. Archived from the original on 2012-05-21. Retrieved 2012-05-08.