Ondansetron

Definition
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5-HT3 antagonist, antiemetic.

Pharmacodynamics (Effect)
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Selective, competitive binding to 5-HT3 receptors in the brain and elsewhere. As a result, serotonin can no longer bind to its binding sites on the 5-HT3 receptors and develop its effect. This directly prevents the development of nausea and vomiting, for example.

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Dermatology

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Tuberculoid granuloma in stage III syphilis

Indication
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Cytostatic-induced vomiting, nephrogenic pruritus.

Limited indication
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Pregnancy, lactation, intestinal stenosis, liver dysfunction.

Pregnancy/nursing period
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Do not use during pregnancy (insufficient data available). Do not use while breastfeeding or discontinue breastfeeding before starting therapy, as the preparation passes into breast milk.

Dosage and method of use
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Chemotherapy: 8 mg slowly i.v. or as a short infusion 15 min. before administration of the chemotherapeutic agent, then continuous infusion of 1 mg/hour over 24 hrs. or 8 mg p.o. 3 times/day.

Nephrogenic pruritus: 2-3 times/day 8 mg p.o.

Children > 2 yrs: Immediately before chemotherapy 5 mg/m2^KO slowly i.v. over 15 minutes. Followed by oral administration of 4 mg every 12 hours (morning and evening) for 5 days.

Undesirable effects
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Cutaneous adverse reactions: Rare hypersensitivity reactions, occasionally anaphylactoid reactions. Mild exanthematous skin lesions. Local reactions at the infusion site. In urticaria patients, application of the active substance may induce an episode.

Extracutaneous UAWs: Minor to moderate headache, constipation of mild or moderate severity, eye dryness. Occasionally flu-like symptoms with fever and chills.