The MX1 gene (MX1 stands for: MX Dynamin Like GTPase 1) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 21q22.3. Alternative splicing leads to several transcript variants. An important paralog of this gene is MX2.
MX1 gene
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General informationThis section has been translated automatically.
The MX1 gene encodes a guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-degrading protein (GTPase) that is involved in the cellular antiviral response (see myxoma resistance protein 1 below). The encoded protein is induced by type I and type II interferons and inhibits the replication process of various RNA and DNA viruses. A related gene is located next to this gene on chromosome 21. There are also several pseudogenes located in a cluster on chromosome 4.
The target viruses include negative-stranded RNA viruses and HBV by binding and inactivating their ribonucleocapsid. The GTPase can also inhibit the replication of Reoviridae and Asfarviridae. Furthermore, it has been shown to inhibit the replication of Thogoto virus (THOV) by preventing the nuclear import of the viral nucleocapsids. It also inhibits influenza A virus (IAV) replication by reducing or delaying NP synthesis and by blocking endocytic trafficking of incoming virus particles. Enhances ER stress-mediated cell death following influenza virus infection.
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Diseases that are influenced by MX1 include influenza and rabies.
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- Caielli S et al. (2024) Type I IFN drives unconventional IL-1β secretion in lupus monocytes. Immunity 57:2497-2513.e12.
- Dorfleutner A et al. (2024) Mx1-ing it up-Mitochondrial relay for interferon-dependent, unconventional IL-1β release in SLE monocytes. Immunity 57:2483-2486
- Ghoreshi ZA et al. (2022) Evaluation of MX1 Gene Promoter Methylation in Different Severities of COVID-19 Considering Patient Gender. Clin Lab 68 ; doi: 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2022.220104.
- Jain A et al. (2021) Myxovirus resistance 1 (Mx1) gene: Molecular characterization of complete coding sequence and expression profile in the endometrium of goat (Capra hircus). J Reprod Immunol 143:103247.
- Zav'yalov VP et al. (2019) Interferon-Inducible Myxovirus Resistance Proteins: Potential Biomarkers for Differentiating Viral from Bacterial Infections. Clin Chem 65:739-750.