HypercalcemiaE83.58

Last updated on: 11.02.2023

Requires free registration (medical professionals only)

Please login to access all articles, images, and functions.

Our content is available exclusively to medical professionals. If you have already registered, please login. If you haven't, you can register for free (medical professionals only).

Requires free registration (medical professionals only)

Please complete your registration to access all articles and images.

To gain access, you must complete your registration. You either haven't confirmed your e-mail address or we still need proof that you are a member of the medical profession.

Finish your registration now

DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

Hypercalcemia is an electrolyte disorder and is defined in adults as total calcium i.s. >2.7nmol/l; ionized calcium > 1.3nmol/l.

EtiopathogenesisThis section has been translated automatically.

The causes of more than 80% of hypercalcemia are due to malignancies with osteoclastic metastases and parathyroid hyperfunction.

Less common causes include immobilization due to osteoporosis, sarcoidosis, and severe fractures.

Familial hyocalcemias:

Idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia: mutation of CYP24A1.
Familial hypocalcuric hypercalcemia (FHH): Autosomal dominant mutation with disturbances in the calcium-sensing receptor signaling pathway.

Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.

Possibly symptoms of an underlying tumor disease.

Hypercalcemia symptoms:

Kidney: Polyuria and polydipsia(renal diabetes insipidus) - if left untreated may lead to exsiccosis, anuria, nephrolithiasis and nephrocalciosis.
Nervous system: headache, psychosis, somnolence and even coma.
gastrointestinal symptoms: nausea, vomiting and weight loss
Other: Bone pain and cardiac arrhythmias.

Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.

Forced diuresis, stop calcium intake, for tumor-induced hypercalcemia. Biphosphonates

Last updated on: 11.02.2023