CYSLTR2 gene

The CYSLTR2 gene (CYSLTR2 stands for Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor 2) is a protein-coding gene located on chromosome 13q14.2. An important paralog of this gene is CYSLTR1. Related signaling pathways include ADORA2B-mediated production of anti-inflammatory cytokines and downstream GPCR signaling.

The cysteinyl leukotrienes LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4 are important mediators of human bronchial asthma. Pharmacological studies have shown that cysteinyl leukotrienes activate at least 2 receptors, namely the receptor protein encoded by this gene and the receptor CYSLTR1. This encoded receptor is a member of the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors. It appears to play an important role in the endocrine and cardiovascular system (Dos S Jesus T et al. 2019).receptor for cysteinyl leukotriene. The response is mediated by a G protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol calcium second messenger system. Stimulation by BAY u9773, a partial agonist, triggers specific contractions of the pulmonary veins and may also play an indirect role in the relaxation of the pulmonary vascular endothelium.

Diseases associated with CYSLTR2 include uveal melanoma and blue nevus.

1. de la Fouchardiere A (2023). Blue naevi and the blue tumor spectrum. Pathology 55:187-195.
2. Dos S Jesus T et al. (2019) Variants in the CYSLTR2 are associated with asthma, atopy markers and helminths infections in the Brazilian population. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 145:15-22.
3. Möller I et al.(2017) Activating cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2 (CYSLTR2) mutations in blue nevi. Mod Pathol 30: 350-356