A certification is an examination or proof of compliance with certain requirements or standards. Private persons, companies or organisations can be certified for products or services. Certification is usually carried out by independent certification bodies or notified bodies such as TÜV or DEKRA, or foundations such as the "Health On the Net" foundation. Certifications are issued for a limited period of time after an audit and are usually verified by surveillance audits.
The services that are certified in companies in connection with clinical research are often quality management (the most common and most recognised is ISO 9001), information management, security systems or, in areas with high data processing requirements, data protection.