Spider bite - Altmeyers Encyclopedia - Department Dermatology

Definition
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Local or systemic reaction to the bite of spiders. Central European spiders (here only 1 species exists which is able to penetrate human skin = spider spider - Cheiracanthium punctorium; the bite is very painful) usually only cause local erythematous, urticarial reactions. In rare cases local necroses develop. Bites from some tropical spiders may cause local and general poisoning. The most dangerous species are Latrodectus (including Black Widow), Loxosceles, Phoeutria, Atrax, Harpacirella and Scaprococosa (wolf spiders). The bite usually leaves puncture marks.

External therapy
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Immediate local cooling. Especially in the case of bites by tropical spiders, ointments containing glucocorticoids such as 0.25% prednicarbate (e.g. Dermatop ointment) or 0.05% clobetasol (e.g. Dermoxin ointment). If necroses develop, wound treatment should be appropriate to the stage of development.

Internal therapy
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Bites from tropical spiders may require specific antivenom, testing with calcium gluconate i.m. and pain treatment (also with local anaesthetics). For bites of latrodectus reclusa treatment with DADPS (e.g. Dapson-Fatol) 2 times/day 50 mg p.o. is recommended.