Sertoli cell syndrome - Altmeyers Encyclopedia

Synonym(s)

Absence of germ cells; Castillo Syndrome; Del Castillo Syndrome; Germinal cell aplasia; Sertoli cell-only finding; Sertoli Cell Only Syndrome; Sertoli-cells-only finding; Sertoli-cells-only syndromes

History
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Del Castillo, Trabucco and de la Balze, 1947

Definition
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Primary normo- or hypergonadotropic testicular damage in men with missing germinal epithelium and sterility.

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Etiopathogenesis
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Unclear, congenital or acquired, infectious or toxic cause.

Manifestation
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Men, mostly 20-40. LJ.

Clinical features
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Inconspicuous male habitus. Azoospermia in ejaculate.

Histology
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Missing germinal epithelium and spermiogenesis, Sertoli cells present, Leydig cells present, tubules partially sclerosed. Only in the focal Sertoli cell syndrome are germ cells still present in variable amounts in the tubules.

Therapy
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In case of complete azoospermia: No fertility can be achieved. In case of Sertoli focal cell syndrome: In case of fertility, sperm vitality test. If there are mature motile sperm cells, in vitro fertilisation can be attempted. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection if intact precursors are present.

Literature
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Del Castillo EB, Trabucco A, de la Balze A (1947) Syndrome produced by absence of the germinal epithelium without impairment of the Sertoli or Leydig cells. J Clin Endocr 7: 493