Mucosal pigmentation - Altmeyers Encyclopedia

Definition
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Pigmentation of the oral mucosa of various causes (see table 1).

Cause		Diseases	Remarks
Endogenous pigment	Dermatoses	Streaky or patchy hyperpigmentation	V.a. in dark-skinned people. The marginal gingival margin is left out (without pathological value).
		Melanocytic nevus
		Malignant melanoma
		Blue nevus
	Phacomatoses	Neurofibromatosis generalisata	Café-au-lait-like spots
		Albright syndrome	Café-au-lait-like spots
		Peutz-Jeghers syndrome	Small-spot pigmentation
	Endocrinopathies	M. Addison's disease	Patchy, stripe-like or diffuse hyperpigmentation, especially on the mucosa of the lips
	Intestinal diseases	M. Whipple's disease	similar to Addison's disease
	Intestinal diseases	Sprue
	Storage diseases	Hepatolenticular degeneration
	Storage diseases	Hemochromatosis

Foreign pigment	Drug intake of heavy metals (poisoning)	Potassium permanganate
		Lead	Lead pigmentation of the oral mucosa
		Bismuth, copper
		Mercury	Mercurosis, gingivitis mercuralis
		Amalgam components	Amalgman tattoo