Leuködem K13.2

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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Synonym(s)

Leukoedema; Smoker's leukemia

History
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Sandstead & Lowe 1935

Definition
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Irritant, mostly symmetrically occurring, reversible, whitishopal discoloration in the oral mucosa area, which can occur as a preliminary stage of leukoplakia (see below leukoplakia, oral).

Occurrence/Epidemiology
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Worldwide prevalence varies: India 0.02%; New Guinea 16.9%; Sweden 4.9%.

Etiopathogenesis
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Mostly a consequence of smoking cigarettes or cigars. In the coloured population also among non-smokers (chewing irritating fruits, e.g. betel nuts).

Localization
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Cheek mucosa, tongue, lips, palate. In principle, leukoedema can also be observed in the genital mucous membranes.

Clinical features
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The oral mucosa appears whitish-cloudy, opalescent, but unchanged on palpation (no increase in consistency). If the leukoedema is more pronounced, there is a structural change of the surface with the formation of net-like wrinkles, which become particularly prominent when the mucosa is pushed together.

Histology
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Hydropic cell ballooning down to the lower stratum spinosum.

Therapy
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Stop smoking or application of other mucous membrane irritants.

Literature
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  1. Canaan TJ, Meehan SC (2005) Variations of structure and appearance of the oral mucosa. Dent Clin North Am 49: 1-14
  2. Pindborg JJ et al (1968) Epidemiology and history of oral leukoplakia and leukoedema among Papuans and New Guineans. Cancer 22: 379-384
  3. Sandstead HR, Lowe JW (1953) Leukoedema and keratosis in relation to leukoplakia of the buccal mucosa in man. J Natl Cancer Inst 14: 423-437

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020