Synonym(s)
hyperviscosity syndromes
DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.
Increased blood viscosity due to polymerisation and aggregation at increased protein concentration (e.g. in monoclonal gammopathies, immune complex formation) or rarely due to extreme cell count increase of erythrocytes (e.g.e.g. in polyglobulia of various causes) and leukocytes (hyperleukocytosis e.g. in leukaemia) as well as by increased erythrocyte aggregation or reduced deformability of the erythrocytes (e.g. in sickle cell anaemia).
EtiopathogenesisThis section has been translated automatically.
Pathogenetically, the increased blood viscosity is mostly caused by aggregate formation (mainly IgM, IgG3, IgA) and occurs mainly in monoclonal (IgM, IgG, IgA), but also in polyclonal gammopathies. Cryoglobulinemia and cold agglutinin disease are cold-dependent.
Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.
- Integument: Hemorrhagic diathesis with purpura, mucosal hemorrhage and epistaxis and Raynaud's symptoms.
- Extracutaneous manifestations: Neurological symptoms (weakness, headache, dizziness, coma, paresthesia, ringing in the ears), retinopathy, visual disturbances (papilloedema, retinal hemorrhage, venous congestion). Hypervolemia with heart failure, angina pectoris, renal failure.
LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.
- Della Rossa A et al (2003) Hyperviscosity syndrome in cryoglobulinemia: clinical aspects and therapeutic considerations. Semin Thromb Hemost 29: 473-477
- Fahey JL, Barth WF, Solomon A (1965) Serum hyperviscosity syndrome. JAMA 192: 120-123
- Sharma BD et al (2004) Symmetrical peripheral gangrene. Trop Doct 34: 2-4
- Zarkovic M et al (2003) Correction of hyperviscosity by apheresis. Semin Thromb Hemost 29: 535-542
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Please ask your physician for a reliable diagnosis. This website is only meant as a reference.
Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer