Htlv-1-associated infective dermatitisZ22.6

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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Synonym(s)

HTLV-1-associated infective dermatitis; Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1- associated infective dermatitis; infective dermatitis; infective dermatitis associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1

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HistoryThis section has been translated automatically.

Sweet, 1966

PathogenThis section has been translated automatically.

HTLV-1 (T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type 1)

Occurrence/EpidemiologyThis section has been translated automatically.

Occurrence: mainly in countries with a high prevalence of HTLV-1, such as the southwest of Japan, the Caribbean islands and countries in Central Africa

ManifestationThis section has been translated automatically.

Preferred in childhood, also in adulthood

Clinical featuresThis section has been translated automatically.

Generalized, large-area, eczematous, scaly but also crust-covered skin lesions in HTLV-1 positives. The lesions resemble atopic or seborrhoeic eczema. In a high percentage (>60%) impetiginized changes in the nostrils of children were found. A recurrent pattern is characteristic. The overlapping skin infections characterize the dermatological-clinical picture.

HistologyThis section has been translated automatically.

Non-specific pattern of a superficial interstitial epidermotropic dermatitis (see also the clinical "eczematous" picture.

DiagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.

Medical history, clinical picture; positive HTLV-1 serology.

Differential diagnosisThis section has been translated automatically.

Pyoderma, seborrheic eczema, atopic eczema

Note(s)This section has been translated automatically.

The initial description by Sweet refers to the stage of the disease:

  1. Sog. "Infect-like" stage: Rather localized clinical picture with clinical signs of the Impetigo contagiosa.
  2. Exudative "eczema-like" stage: Disseminated clinical picture reminiscent of exudative atopic eczema.
  3. Papular "eczema-like" stage: recurrent, generalized, fine-papular exanthema with retroauricular fissures, chronic blepharitis and otitis externa.

LiteratureThis section has been translated automatically.

  1. de Oliveira Mde F et al (2012) Infective dermatitis associated with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1: evaluation of 42 cases observed in Bahia, Brazil. Clin Infect Dis 54:1714-1719
  2. Hlela C et al (2013) Human T cell lymphotropic virus type 1- associated infective dermatitis in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. BMC Dermatol 13:11
  3. Mahé A et al (2004) Human T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma virus type 1- associated infective dermatitis in Africa: a report of five cases from Senegal
  4. McGill NK et al (2012) HTLV-1-associated infective dermatitis: updates on the pathogenesis. Exp Dermatol 21):815-821
  5. Okajima R et al (2013) Co-presentation of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis and adult-onset infective dermatitis associated with HTLV-1 infection. Int J Dermatol 52:63-68
  6. Oliveira PD et al (2013) Double integration band of HTLV-1 in a young patient with infective dermatitis who developed an acute form of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. J Clin Virol 56:163-166
  7. Sweet RD (1966) A pattern of eczema in Jamaica. Br J Dermatol 78: 93-100
  8. Tschachler E, Franschini G (1998) Infective dermatitis: a pabulum for human T-lymphotropic virus type I leukemogenesis? Arch Dermatol 134: 487-488
  9. Torres-Cabala CA et al (2015) HTLV-1-associated infective dermatitis demonstrates low frequency of FOXP3-positive T-regulatory lymphocytes. J Dermatol Sci 77:150-155

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020