GPR119 gene

The GPR119 gene, also known as the G protein-coupled receptor119 gene, is located on chromosome Xq26.1 and encodes a member of the "rhodopsin subfamily". This is a G protein-coupled receptor expressed in the pancreas and gastrointestinal tract and expressed in human sebocytes (Markovics A et al. 2020). Ligands of this receptor protein are lipidamides such as lysophosphatidylcholine and oleoylethanolamide. Possibly involved in glucose homeostasis. The GPR119 protein is a now "deorphanized" receptor, a potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Associated diseases associated with mutations in the GPR119 gene include type 2 diabetes mellitus, and an important paralog of this gene is MC5R.

1. Lan H et al. (2009) GPR119 is required for physiological regulation of glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion but not for metabolic homeostasis. The Journal of Endocrinology 201: 219-230.
2. Markovics A et al. (2020) GPR119 Is a Potent Regulator of Human Sebocyte Biology. J Invest Dermatol 140:1909-1918.e8.
3. Ning Y et al. (2008) Endogenous and synthetic agonists of GPR119 differ in signalling pathways and their effects on insulin secretion in MIN6c4 insulinoma cells. British Journal of Pharmacology 155: 1056-1065.
4. Swaminath G (2008). Fatty acid binding receptors and their physiological role in type 2 diabetes. Archives of Pharmacy 341: 753-761.