Dyshidrotic dermatitisL30.8

Hutchinson, 1875.

Polyetiological, usually episodic, acute, subacute or chronically recurrent, vesicular, also vesiculo-squamous dermatitis on palms and soles with clear, about 0.1 cm large, intraepidermally located, grayish shimmering vesicles or (more rarely) also blisters. The acute type is usually a single episode with irritants, rarely with allergens (e.g., poison ivy). In the latter, scattering phenomena may occur, sometimes with a multiform aspect.

If the occurrence of large blisters predominates, the clinical term"pompholyx" is used, on the hands"cheiropompholyx", on the feet "podopompholyx".

If the dyshidrotic dermatitis persists for a longer period of time, there are also coarse-mallar scales and hyperkeratotic plaques. The picture of subacute or chronic hand/foot dermatitis with increasing callosity and painful rhagades then predominates.

In the healing phase of a relapsing vesicular dermatitis, the clinical picture of the so-called dyshidrosis lamellosa sicca with circine raised scales appears. These are readily plucked off, which is associated with the risk of tearing of the skin.

The clinically visible vesicles of dyshidrotic eczema are an expression of spongiotic dermatitis of the groin skin.

Occurrence in the context of an atopic diathesis (see below Atopy).

More rarely also in psoriasis palmoplantaris (see below Psoriasis dyshidrotica), allergic contact dermatitis (e.g. in nickel allergy), mycosis (vesicular mycid), gram-negative foot infection or idiopathic with unexplained cause.

Also occurring as a drug reaction (e.g., after IVIG therapy).

Dyshidrotic dermatitis occurs preferentially in the warm season.

Palmae, Plantae and finger/toe edges. Hands are significantly more frequently and intensively affected than the feet.

Acute dyshidrotic dermatitis, an acute dermatitis of the hands or feet, is characterized by the eruptive flare-up of tiny, usually closely grouped, water-clear, itchy vesicles on the lateral parts of the fingers of the toes and on the palms and soles of the feet.

The backs of the hands and fingers as well as the interdigital folds are frequently involved, but show less the picture of the so-called dyshidrosis than that of the classic acute dermatitis of the field skin with inflammatory papules about 0.1 cm in size, or larger plaques, as well as intact and burst vesicles, possibly also oozing.

When the inflammatory quality of the dermatitic reaction is high (often in the summer months), the vesicles can expand into large blisters, resulting in the clinical picture of pompholyx.

If large-bubble dyshidrotic eczema develops, there is an acute risk of superinfection with acutely occurring painful pustulation, fever, lymphangitis and lymphadenitis.

A so-called gram-negative foot infection can graft itself complicatively on the feet.

In case of non-infectious genesis (e.g. atopic eczema; allergic contact dermatitis) in the acute stage glucocorticoid tinctures such as 0.1% triamcinolone tincture or 0.1% mometasone solution (e.g. Ecural solution) and compresses with tanning additives such as synthetic tanning agents (e.g. Tannolact, Tannosynt). If collerette-like scaling is present, glucocorticoids in cream base such as 0.1% triamcinolone cream R259, 0.25% prednicarbate cream (e.g. Dermatop), if necessary under occlusion.

Accompanying gentle alkali-free skin cleansing (e.g. Eucerin, Sebamed), no irritating noxae. Re-greasing externals (e.g. Linola Fett, Ash Basis Ointment), if necessary with tar-containing additives such as 10% LCD cream(Liquor carbonis detergens cream, Hydrophile 5/10 or 20% (NRF 11.86.).

If necessary, after the acute phase has subsided, zinc oxide paste with bismuth gallate(zinc oxide paste 50% with bismuth gallate 10%) alternating with oak bark extract baths (see above).

In subacute stages and especially in the presence of hyperhidrosis, tap water iontophoresis is also described as successful.

In case of pronounced impetiginization,antibiotic system therapy(antibiotics) with cephalosporins such as cephadroxil (e.g. Cedrox) 1 time/day 1 g p.o. or cephalexin (e.g. Cephalexin-ratiopharm) 1-3 g/day p.o. in 3 ED.

Diet: The association with oral nickel or chromate intake seen by some authors is controversial. According to the authors, nickel- or chromate-free diets are not promising.

A historical and misunderstood term describing acute of subacute vesicular dermatitis of the hands and feet. The term "dyshidrotic" refers to the manifestation of spongiotic dermatitis resulting from the particular anatomical nature of the skin on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet (so-called inguinal skin).

The skin of the groin is characterized by the absence of hair follicles and by the formation of a protective, thick horny layer. In the case of a vesicular dermatitic reaction of the groin skin, the spongiotic vesicles remain much longer in the epidermis and are perceived as fine, barely 0.1 cm large, gray dots in the horny layer, in the case of more severe "eczema reaction" also as gray shiny, protruding vesicles. The term"dyshidrosis" aims at a defective sweat gland function, which is actually not present, even if sweat plays an indirect role in the maintenance of the process.

Equally misleading and thus superfluous is the term "dyshidrosiform", which is intended to characterize the vesicle formations in atopic hand/foot dermatitis.

Large vesicular acute dermatitis of the groin skin is referred to by the term pompholyx(cheiropompholyx, podopompholyx).

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