Charcot arthropathy - Altmeyers Encyclopedia

Synonym(s)

Charcot arthropathy; Charcot Foot; Charcot joint; Charcot neuroarthropathy; Diabetic foot syndrome; Neuropathic arthopathy

History
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Musgrave, 1703; Charcot, 1868

Definition
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Originally described in syphilitic tabes dorsalis, polyneuropathic, chronic, mutilating joint disease. Today, mainly as a late complication of diabetes mellitus (occurring mainly in diabetic polyneuropathy ). Due to the lack of perception of pain during joint loading or joint overload, as well as disturbances of depth sensitivity and proprio-sensitivity (feedback to the nervous system about the respective position/placement of the joint), there is a severe overload of the joint and a very rapid, very severe joint destruction.

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Etiopathogenesis
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Polyneuropathy leads to increased perfusion of the tissue, which results in washout and instability of the bone ground substance. Fractures are not felt by those affected because of the existing polyneuropathy. As a result, many sufferers continue to suffer for weeks. This often leads to an intensification of the symptoms.

Note(s)
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The original description was for an arthropathy in Tabes dorsalis.

Literature
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Chantelau E, Lasana G (2004) Diabetic foot disease--a review of pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of diabetic podopathy. Ther Umsch 61: 421-427
Charcot JM (1868) Sur quelaques arthopathies qui paraissent depender d'une lesion du cerveau ou de la moele epiniere Arch Physiol Norm and Path 1: 161-171
Eckardt A et al (2003) Interdisciplinary treatment of diabetic foot syndrome. Orthopaedic 32: 190-198
Musgrave W (1703) De arthritide. Samuel Farley, Exeter
Rumen cup G, Lang W (2003) Diabetic neuropathic osteoarthropathy (Charcot foot) Central bl Chir 128: 734-739