Chalazion - Altmeyers Encyclopedia - Department Dermatology

Synonym(s)

Hailstones

Definition
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Slowly progressive, mostly painless distension of the eyelid margin, caused by a chronic inflammation of the Meibom or Zeis glands.

Classification
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Deep chalazion: starting from a meibomian gland.
Superficial chalazion: from a Zeis gland.

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Etiopathogenesis
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Closure of the excretory duct of a Meibom or Zeis gland, often as a result of a hordeolum. Consecutive congestion of secretion leads to granulomatous inflammation with infiltration of fibroblasts, lymphocytes and plasma cells.

Localization
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Especially lower eyelids.

Clinical features
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Hard, indolent, to hazelnut-sized lump in the eyelid area. There is no loss of vision.

Histology
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Granulomatous inflammation with epithelial and giant cells, lymphocytes and plasma cells.

Differential diagnosis
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In contrast to the hordeolum a chalazion is usually not pressure dolent.

Therapy
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Mostly spontaneous healing. Application of warm compresses is beneficial. Good experiences are made with local antibiotic therapy. In case of chronic persistence of chalazion, local injection of glucocorticoids (e.g. triamcinolone). In case of therapy failure or strong increase in size, surgical removal(Cave! Lid margin injuries).