Atopy - Altmeyers Encyclopedia - Department Dermatology

Definition
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Familial disposition to hypersensitivity of skin and mucous membrane. There is an increased tendency to type I sensitization to allergens. Atopy can manifest itself as rhinitis and conjunctivitis allergica, allergic bronchial asthma and/or atopic dermatitis. The prevalence of atopy is about 25-30% of the total population. The trend is considered to be increasing.

Clinical features
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Atopy stigmata/indications are:

White Dermographism
Fur cap-like hair trimming
Halonated eyes
Hyperlinear palm relief, for delicate palms
Grey-white skin colour
Acrocyanosis
Positive prick test for inhaled and nutritive allergens
IgE elevated.

Atopic minimal forms

Sebostasis with pityriasiform scaling
Earlobe rags
Hyperkeratotic fingertips with a tendency to form rhagades(dermatitis hiemalis)
Hyperhidrosis of the hands and feet and dyshidrosis
Double eyelid crease (Dennie Morgan crease)
Eyelid eczema (usually accompanied by periorbital shading, see above)
Thinned lateral eyebrows (Hertogesches sign)
Cheilosis with scaly erosive changes of the lips up to the formation of oral rhagades(Perlèche)
dirty neck
atopic genital eczemas

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Dermatology

plantar dermatosis juvenile. chronic persistent, blurred, dry redness and parchment-like scaling ...

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Abortive manifestation of atopic eczema.

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Therapy
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According to eczema, atopic, rhinitis allergica, allergy.

Note(s)
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The term "atopia" is derived from "atopos", the wrong place, and means the unusual.

It is discussed whether there is an association between atopy and urticaria. In one study it was reported that 23% of all patients with chronic recurrent urticaria were atopic (corresponds to the general population).

Literature
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Buss YA et al (2007) Chronic urticaria-which clinical parameters are pathogenetically relevant? A retrospective investigation of 339 patients. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 5: 22-27
Jackola DR et al (2004) Allergen Skin Test Reaction Patterns in Children (≤ 10 Years Old) from Atopic Families Suggest Age-Dependent Changes in Allergen-IgE Binding in Early Life. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 132: 364-372
Montealegre F et al (2004) Comparative prevalence of sensitization to common animal, plant and mould allergens in subjects with asthma, or atopic dermatitis and/or allergic rhinitis living in a tropical environment. Clin Exp Allergy 34: 51-58
Peebles RS Jr (2004) Viral infections, atopy, and asthma: Is there a causal relationship? J Allergy Clin Immunol 113: S15-18
Rödinger C et al (2013) Atopic dermatitis - State of the Art. Compendium Dermatology 9: 6-8
Sackesen C et al (2004) Decreased prevalence of atopy in paediatric patients with familial Mediterranean fever. Ann Rheum Dis 63: 187-190
Wright AL (2004) The epidemiology of the atopic child: Who is at risk for what? J Allergy Clin Immunol 113: 2-7