Abdominothoracic two-phase pump

Physiological pumping situation which has a circulatory effect on the flow conditions of the venous system. During inhalation, the pressure in the thorax decreases with the lowering of the diaphragm, while the pressure in the abdominal region increases at the same time. Blood flows out of the body in the direction of the heart, with parallel closure of the last venous valves of the lower limb, thus preventing blood from flowing back into the leg vein system. The opposite reaction is found during exhalation: diaphragmatic lifting, pressure increase in the thoracic region, lowering of the abdominal pressure, opening of the femoral veins, and flow of blood from the leg veins towards the heart.

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