Rhinitis drug-induced - Altmeyers Encyclopedia

Synonym(s)

Privinism

Definition
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Non-IgE-mediated, inflammatory or nerve-reflective reaction of the nasal mucosa (see also ADR), which can be attributed to the intake of certain normally dosed drugs (see also rhinitis, pseudoallergic).

Classification
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Rhinopathic side effects caused by drugs (varies according to C.Bachert et al. 2000)
Substance/Group	Active principle	AAW

Central alpha sympathomimetics
Clonidine	Decrease of the sympathetic tone	Obstruction/pain
Antisympathomimetics
Reserpin	Decrease of the sympathetic tone	Obstruction/pain
Antisympathomimetics
Reserpin	Emptying the norepinephrine reservoir	Obstruction
Guanethidine	Inhibition of release, emptying of the norepinephrine storage	Obstruction
Methyldopa	Formation of alpha-methyl-noradrenalin	Obstruction
Anticholinergics
Atropine	Anticholinergic effect	Stuffy dry nose
Scopolamine	Anticholinergic effect	Stuffy dry nose
Antihistamines
Diphenhydramine	Anticholinergic effect	Stuffy dry nose
Ketotifen	Anticholinergic effect	Stuffy dry nose
Antidepressants
Amitryptilin	Anticholinergic effect	Stuffy dry nose
ACE inhibitors
Captopril	Reduction of the bradykinin metabolism	Sniffles

Note(s)
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This form of rhinitis must be distinguished from irritant toxic rhinitis, also known as rhinitis medicamentosa, which is caused by an "overdose" of decongestant nasal drops (old name: privinism).

Literature
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Settipane RA (2011) Other causes of rhinitis: mixed rhinitis, rhinitis medicamentosa, hormonal rhinitis, rhinitis of the elderly, and gustatory rhinitis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 31:457-467.