E numbers (food additives)

Author:Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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DefinitionThis section has been translated automatically.

According to German food law, food or food additives are defined as substances that are added to food for technological reasons. They are added to improve the appearance of the food (colour, structure), to enhance or change its taste or smell or to extend its chemical or microbiological shelf life (preservative).

Food additives can be either synthetic or natural substances. Thus, food additives are able to change or stabilise the utility and nutritional value of food and ensure its undisturbed production.

The list contains the food additives that are currently allowed to be used throughout the EU (as of November 2011) under a registration number (E-number) to be specified.

IngredientsThis section has been translated automatically.

E 100 Curcumin
E 101 Riboflavin
E 101a Riboflavin-5-phosphate
E 102 Tartrazine
E 104 Quinoline yellow
E 110 Yellow orange
E 1103 Invertase
E 1105 Lysozyme
E 120 Real carmine, carminic acid, cochineal
E 1200 Polydextrose
E 1201 Polyvinylpyrrolidone
E 1202 Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
E 122 Azorubine
E 123 Amaranth
E 124 Cochineal red
E 127 Erythrosine
E 128 *Red 2 G
E 129 *Allura red
E 131 Patent blue V
E 132 Indigotine I
E 133 *Brillant blue FCF
E 140 Chlorophyll
E 1404 Oxidised starch
E 141 Copper chlorophyll
E 1410 Mono starch phosphate
E 1412 Distarch phosphate
E 1413 Phosphated distarch phosphate
E 1414 Acetylated distarch phosphate
E 142 brilliant acid green
E 1420 Acetylated starch
E 1422 Acetylated distal adipate
E 1440 Hydroxypropyl starch
E 1442 Hydroxypropyl distillate phosphate
E 1450 Starch sodium octenyl succinate
E 1451 Acetylated oxidised starch
E 150 Sugar caramel
E 1505 Triethyl citrate
E 150a* Sugar caramel
E 150b* Caustic sulphite caramel
E 150c* Ammonia caramel
E 150d* Ammonium sulphite caramel
E 151 Brilliant black
E 1517 Glycerol diacetate
E 1518 Glycerol triacetate
E 1519 Benzyl alcohol
E 1520 1,2-propanediol (propylene glycol)
E 153 Carbo medicinalis vegetabilis / vegetable charcoal
E 154 *Brown FK
E 155 *Brown HT
E 160a alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene
E 160a beta-carotene
E 160b Annatto, Bixin, Norbixin
E 160c Capsanthin, capsorubin
E 160d Lycopene
E 160e beta-Apo-8′-carotinal
E 160f beta-Apo-8-carotenic acid ethyl ester
E 161b Lutein
E 161g Canthaxanthin
E 162 Betanine, beetroot
E 163 Anthocyanins
E 170 Calcium carbonate
E 171 Titanium dioxide
E 172 Iron oxides and hydroxides
E 173 Aluminium
E 174 Silver
E 175 Gold
E 180 Ruby pigment BK, litholrubin BKE 200 Sorbic acid
E 201 Sodium sorbate
E 202 Potassium sorbate
E 203 Calcium sorbate
E 210 Benzoic acid
E 211 Sodium benzoate
E 212 Potassium benzoate
E 213 Calcium benzoate
E 214 Ethyl p-hydroxibenzoate
E 215 ethyl p-hydroxibenzoate
E 216 p-Hydroxibenzoic acid n-propyl ester
E 217 p-Hydroxibenzoic acid n-propyl ester
E 218 p-Hydroxibenzoic acid methyl ester
E 219 methyl p-hydroxibenzoic acid ester
E 220 Sulphur dioxide
E 221 Sodium sulphite
E 222 Sodium hydrogen sulphite
E 223 Sodium disulfite
E 224 Potassium disulfite, potassium metabisulfite
E 226 Calcium sulphite
E 227 Calcium hydrogen sulphite
E 228 Potassium hydrogen sulphite
E 230 Biphenyl, diphenyl
E 231 Orthophenylphenol
E 232 Sodium orthophenyl phenol
E 233 Thiabendazole
E 235 Natamycin
E 236 Formic acid
E 237 Sodium formate
E 238 Calcium formate
E 242 Dimethyldicarbonate
E 250 Sodium nitrite
E 251 Sodium nitrate
E 252 Potassium nitrate
E 260 Acetic acid
E 261 Potassium acetate
E 262 Sodium acetate
E 262 Sodium diacetate
E 263 Calcium acetate
E 270 Lactic acid
E 290 Carbon dioxide
E 296 L-malic acid, DL-malic acid
E 297 Fumaric acid
E 300 L-Ascorbic acid
E 301 Sodium L-ascorbate
E 302 Calcium L-Ascorbate
E 304 6-palmitoyl-L-ascorbic acid
E 306 extracts with high tocopherol content
E 307 synthetic alpha-tocopherol
E 308 synthetic gamma-tocopherol
E 309 synthetic delta-tocopherol
E 310 Propyl gallate
E 311 Octyl gallate
E 312 Dodecyl gallate
E 320 Butylhydroxianisole
E 321 Butylhydroxitoluene
E 322 Lecithin
E 325 Sodium lactate
E 326 Potassium lactate
E 327 Calcium lactate
E 329 Magnesium lactate
E 330 Citric acid / L-Ascorbic acid
E 331 Sodium citrate
E 332 Potassium citrate / lecithin
E 333 Calcium citrate
E 334 Tartaric acid
E 335 Sodium tartrate
E 336 Potassium tartrate
E 337 Sodium potassium tartrate
E 338 Orthophosphoric acid
E 339 Sodium phosphate
E 340 Potassium phosphate
E 341 Calcium phosphate
E 343 Magnesium phosphate
E 350 Sodium malate
E 351 Potassium malate
E 352 Calcium malate
E 353 Metatartaric acid
E 354 Calcium tartrate
E 355 Adipic acid
E 363 Succinic acid
E 375 Nicotinic acid
E 380 Triammonium citrate
E 385 Calcium disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate
E 400 Alginic acid
E 401 Sodium alginate
E 402 Potassium alginate
E 403 Ammonium alginate
E 404 Calcium alginate
E 405 Propylene glycol alginate
E 406 Agar-agar
E 407 Carrageenan
E 410 Locust bean gum
E 412 Guar gum
E 413 Traganth
E 414 Gum arabic
E 415 Xanthan gum
E 420 Sorbitol
E 421 Mannite
E 422 Glycerol
E 440 Pectin
E 442 Ammonium salt
E 450 Diphosphates
E 451 Sodium, potassium and calcium triphosphate
E 452 Sodium, potassium, calcium polyphosphate
E 460 Microcrystalline cellulose
E 461 Methyl cellulose
E 463 Hydroxypropyl cellulose
E 464 Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
E 466 Carboximethyl cellulose, sodium carboximethyl cellulose
E 470 Sodium, potassium or calcium salts of fatty acids
E 471 Mono- and diglycerides
E 472 Mono- and diglycerides
E 472a Acetic acid
E 472b Lactic acid
E 472c Citric acid
E 472d Tartaric acid
E 472e Mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid esters
E 472f Acetic acid and tartaric acid
E 474 sugar glycerides
E 475 Polyglycerol ester
E 476 Polyglycerol polyricinoleate
E 477 Propylene glycol esters of fatty acids
E 479 b Thermo-oxidised soya bean oil
E 481 sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate
E 482 Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate
E 483 Stearyl tartrate
E 491 Sorbitan monostearate
E 492 Sorbitan tristearate
E 493 Sorbitan monolaurate
E 494 Sorbitan monooleate
E 495 Sorbitan monopalmitateE 500 Sodium carbonate
E 501 Potassium carbonate
E 503 Ammonium carbonate
E 504 Magnesium carbonate
E 507 Hydrochloric acid
E 508 Potassium chloride
E 509 Calcium chloride
E 510 Ammonium chloride
E 511 Magnesium chloride
E 513 Sulphuric acid
E 514 Sodium hydrogen sulphate
E 515 Potassium hydrogen sulphate
E 516 Calcium sulphate
E 520 Ammonium sulphate
E 523 Aluminium sulphate, aluminium ammonium sulphate
E 524 Sodium hydroxide
E 525 Potassium hydroxide
E 526 Calcium hydroxide
E 527 Ammonium hydroxide
E 528 Magnesium hydroxide
E 529 Calcium oxide
E 530 Magnesium oxide
E 535 Sodium hexacyanoferrate (II)
E 536 Potassium hexacyanoferrate (II)
E 540 Dicalcium diphosphate, calcium phosphate
E 543 Calcium sodium polyphosphate
E 544 Calcium polyphosphate
E 550 Sodium silicate
E 551 Silicic acid, silicon dioxide
E 552 Calcium silicate
E 553a Magnesium silicate
E 553b Talc
E 554 Aluminium silicate
E 570 Stearic acid
E 572 Magnesium stearate
E 574 Gluconic acid
E 575 Glucono-delta-lactone
E 576 Sodium gluconate
E 577 Potassium gluconate
E 578 Calcium gluconate
E 579 Iron-II-gluconate
E 585 Iron-II-lactate
E 620 Glutamic acid
E 621 Sodium glutamate
E 622 Monopotassium glutamate
E 623 Calcium diglutamate
E 625 Magnesium diglutamate
E 627 disodium guanylate
E 628 Dipotassium guanylate
E 631 Disodium inosinate
E 632 Potassiuminosinate
E 636 Maltol
E 637 Ethyl maltol
E 640 Glycine and its sodium salt
E 650 Zinc acetate
E 901 Beeswax
E 902 Candelilla wax
E 903 Carnauba wax
E 904 Shellac
E 905 Paraffin oil, hard paraffin
E 906 Benzoic resin
E 907 Hydrogenated poly-1-decene
E 913 Lanolin (sheep's wool grease)
E 915 Esters of collophony
E 938 Argon
E 939 Helium
E 941 Nitrogen
E 948 Oxygen
E 950 Acesulfame
E 951 Aspartame
E 952 Cyclamate
E 953 Isomalt
E 954 Saccharin
E 957 *Thaumatin
E 959 *Neohesperidine DC
E 965 Maltitol
E 966 *Lactite
E 967 Xylitol
E 999 Quillajaext

Authors

Last updated on: 29.10.2020

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer