Ccl1

CCL1 (CC-chemokine ligand 1) is a cytokine of the CC chemokine family, which is encoded by a gene on chromosome 17 (gene locus 17: 34.36 - 34.36). CCL1 is involved in inflammatory processes. The chemokine also plays a role in apoptosis, angiogenesis and in the pathogenesis of tumours.

CCL1 is produced by a number of immune cells (peripheral mononuclear cells such as monocytes, activated T lymphocytes, endothelial cells). The proinflammatory mediators TNF alpha, NF-kappaB, IL-1beta increase the production of CCL1.

CCL1 binds to the CCR8-receptor which is expressed by melanoma cells and sinusoidal (not in peripheral) lymphatic endothelia of the lymph node. CCL1 acts chemotactically on various immune cells, including monocytes, Th2 cells, Tregs, NK cells, immature B cells and dendritic cells.

In experimental approaches it could be shown that CCL1 as well as the chemokines CCL22, CCL17, MDC (monocyte-derived chemokine), TARC (thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine) influence the migration of lymphocytes especially of Th2-lymphocytes. CCL1 and its receptor play a role in the inflammation of bronchial asthma and lesional skin (not in serum) in patients with atopic dermatitis. Remarkably, CCL1-induced chemotaxis on inflammatory cells can be reversed by a viral recombinant molluscum-contagiosum protein(rMC148p). In primary sclerosing cholangitis (K83.0) there is a significant increase in interleukin-4, interleukin-10 as well as CCL1 and CCR8.

1. Asai A et al (2012)CCL1 released from M2b macrophages is essentially required for the maintenance of their properties. J Leukoc Biol 92:859-867.
2. The S et al (2013) tumor cell entry into the lymph node is controlled by CCL1 chemokines expressed by lymph node lymphatic sinuses. J Exp Med 210:1509-1528.
3. Denis C et al (2012) C-terminal clipping of chemokine CCL1/I-309 enhances CCR8-mediated intracellular calcium release and anti-apoptotic activity. PLoS One.7:e34199.
4. Hoelzinger DB et al (w2010) Blockade of CCL1 inhibits T regulatory cell suppressive function enhancing tumor immunity without affecting T effector responses. J Immunol 184:6833-6842.
5. Kim HO et al (2012) Expression of CCL1 and CCL18 in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis. Clin Exp Dermatol 37:521 526.
6. N'Diaye M et al (2009) TNFalpha- and NF-kappaB-dependent induction of the chemokine CCL1 in human macrophages exposed to the atherogenic lipoprotein(a). Life Sci 84:451-457.
7. Paslin DA et al (2015) A Molluscum contagiosum fusion protein inhibits CCL1-induced chemotaxis of cells expressing CCR8 and penetrates human neonatal foreskins: clinical applications proposed. Arch Dermatol Res 307:275-280.
8. Zen Y et al (2013) Possible involvement of CCL1-CCR8 interaction in lymphocytic recruitment in IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis. J Hepatol 59:1059-1064.