Cashew nut

Author: Prof. Dr. med. Peter Altmeyer

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020

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Synonym(s)

Cachu tree; Caju Tree

Definition
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The cashew tree is a tree belonging to the sumac family (Anacardiaceae).

General information
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  • Cashew derives its Portuguese name Caju from the Indian Tupi Acaju "kidney tree" (probably because of the shape of the kernels).
  • Cashew trees have 5-10 cm long, pear- or paprika-shaped false fruits, the so-called cashew apples. These are processed into fruit juice and jam (marmalade). The actual fruit, which contains the cashew nut, is attached to this pseudo-fruit. The nut shell contains a toxic oil which is deactivated by roasting or heating.
  • The nut is sold raw, roasted and salted, caramelised or spiced. Its taste is "sweet-nutty" and less intense than that of groundnut or walnut.

Occurrence
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In a tropical climate.

Note(s)
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The allergological potency of cashew nuts is low, but the allergenic significance is increasing due to the wide distribution. Cashew-sensitized persons suffer from severe allergic symptoms. Sensitized patients should safely recognize cashew kernels and avoid suspicious processed foods such as Asian ready meals, nut bars, cakes and also pesto sauces.

Literature
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  1. Clark At et al (2007) Cashew nut causes more severe reactions than peanut: case-matched comparison in 141 children. Allergy 62: 913-916

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Last updated on: 29.10.2020