Carotenoids extracted from the seed crusts of the annatto shrub. There are three different products:
- oil-extracted annatto (also called true Orlean),
- the dye bixin,
- Norbixin (forms during alkaline extraction from bixin, is water soluble)
The yellowish to orange-coloured natural dye is soluble in dilute caustic soda lye, hot ethanol and chloroform and insoluble in water.